Brain and sleep

Cortexin is a peptide extract from cattle and pig brain used in Russia after stroke. What studies show, side effects, and its US status.

Dihexa is sold as a memory booster. What each claim rests on in rats and mice, the retracted paper, and FDA’s 2026 compounding changes.

P21 (P021) is a CNTF based peptide promoted for memory. What mouse and rat studies show, and why there is no human data at all.

Noopept (omberacetam) is a Russian memory drug sold online in the US. What trials show, side effects, and FDA warning letters.

DSIP (emideltide) was studied for sleep in the 1980s. See what small trials found and why FDA advisers voted against compounding in 2026.

Cerebrolysin is a pig brain peptide mixture used for stroke in some countries. See what Cochrane reviews found and its US status.

PE 22-28 is a spadin derived peptide studied for depression in mice. Learn how it works, what the mouse studies show, and the unknowns.

Semax is a Russian nasal peptide sold for focus and stroke recovery. What it does in the body, what studies show, and its new 2026 US status.

Selank is a Russian peptide sold for anxiety and focus. What each claim rests on, what the small trials found, and its US regulatory status.